Syria Climate
Top 5 Cities: Damascus, Aleppo, Homs, Latakia, and Hama
This month in numbers
Syria experienced its 12th warmest April on record, with an average temperature of 19.17°C, marking an anomaly of +2.4°C above the 1961–1990 baseline. The period of February–April 2026 also ranked as the 12th warmest on record, with an anomaly of +1.9°C. Globally, April 2026 was the 2nd warmest April for land temperatures, with an anomaly of +1.1°C, while the February–April period was also the 2nd warmest globally, with an anomaly of +1.2°C.
What changed
Syria's recent temperatures show a significant warming trend, with the latest full-year average temperature for 2025 being 20.48°C, making it the 2nd warmest year on record. The long-term trend for Syria indicates a warming of +2.13°C compared to the 1961–1990 baseline. This past month, Syria's 1-month anomaly was 0.66°C warmer than the average for the Asia group it belongs to.
What’s driving change?
The warming trend in Syria is influenced by the broader , where higher-latitude regions tend to warm faster than tropical areas. The current ENSO state is Neutral, with a +0.11°C anomaly in the NOAA ONI 3-month (FMA 2026) index, though forecasts indicate a likely transition to El Niño in the coming months, with a 61% probability for May-Jul and 79% for June-Aug. Syria has also experienced significant extreme weather events recently. Heavy rainfall in February 2026 triggered severe flash floods across northwest Syria, killing two children and affecting over 5,000 displaced people, damaging or destroying nearly 2,000 tents in displacement camps. Further torrential rains in March and April 2026 caused widespread flooding, particularly in northern and northeastern Syria, leading to displacement and damage to infrastructure and agricultural lands. These floods come amidst a prolonged and severe drought that has affected Syria for several years, with 2024–2025 precipitation levels declining by approximately 60 percent below the annual average, severely impacting agricultural production and food security.
Looking ahead
The NOAA CPC forecast suggests a likely transition to an El Niño phase in the coming months, with an increasing probability through summer, which typically brings drier and warmer conditions to the region.
Generated by Gemini from climate data and web sources
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Data Sources
Data Sources for Syria
Every figure on this page is sourced from official, openly published climate datasets. Anomalies are calculated against the 1961–1990 baseline (temperature) and 1991–2020 (rainfall, sunshine, frost) — see the Methodology & Sources page for the complete dataset list and update calendar.
FAQs
FAQs
How is the climate in Syria changing?
Syria is warming in line with the rest of the world. The page above shows the latest monthly temperature anomaly versus the 1961-1990 baseline, the long-term annual trend, and the region's rank in the historical record. The trend rate is shown as °C per decade in the headline panel; you can also see the warmest and coolest years on file.
Where does the climate data for Syria come from?
Climate data for Syria comes from Our World in Data, sourcing Copernicus ERA5 and HadCRUT5 (national temperature anomaly) and the Global Carbon Project via Our World in Data (CO₂ emissions), refreshed every month, when the upstream temperature and rainfall data are refreshed.
What is the climate baseline used on this page?
Anomalies on this page are calculated against the 1961-1990 climatological baseline, which is the standard reference period used by the Met Office, NOAA, IPCC and most national climate services. Some panels also show the source-native 1901-2000 (NOAA) or 1991-2020 (WMO) baselines for verification. See Methodology & Sources for the full reference.
Which areas does the Syria climate data cover?
The Syria climate profile covers Damascus, Aleppo, Homs, Latakia and surrounding areas. Temperature, rainfall and emissions data for Syria
How often is the Syria climate update refreshed?
The Syria climate update is refreshed monthly, typically a few days after the previous month closes and the upstream provider (Met Office HadUK-Grid, NOAA Climate at a Glance, Copernicus ERA5 or the Global Carbon Project) publishes its update. See the Climate Rankings for cross-region comparisons.