Sudan Climate
Top 5 Cities: Khartoum, Omdurman, Khartoum North, Port Sudan, and Kassala
This month in numbers
April 2026 saw Sudan's average temperature reach 29.92°C, an anomaly of +1.4°C compared to the 1961–1990 baseline, ranking it as the 15th warmest April in 86 years of records. Globally, April 2026 was the 2nd warmest April on record for land temperatures, with an anomaly of +1.1°C. The three-month period from February to April 2026 was also notably warm for Sudan, with an average temperature of 26.38°C, an anomaly of +1.2°C, making it the 17th warmest such period on record.
What changed
Sudan's consistently above-average temperatures over the past six months, including anomalies of +1.9°C in January and +1.4°C in April, indicate a significant warming trend. This aligns with the broader global picture, as global land temperatures for the February–April 2026 period ranked as the 2nd warmest on record. Sudan's 12-month rolling anomaly of +1.53°C places it 132nd out of 234 regions globally, suggesting a moderate warming compared to other areas.
What’s driving change?
The persistent warming in Sudan is influenced by the broader global trend of . The current ENSO state is Neutral, with an anomaly of +0.11°C for February-April 2026. However, a transition to El Niño is likely to emerge in May–July 2026 with a 61% chance and persist through at least the end of the year, which typically brings warmer and drier conditions to the Sahel region, including Sudan. Sudan also experienced a wildfire event from April 27 to May 4, 2026. This single event represents 100% of the wildfires logged for Sudan over the past 12 months, an unusual concentration that may be exacerbated by dry conditions. For more information on active extreme weather events, visit Extreme Weather tracker.
Looking ahead
The NOAA CPC forecast indicates a likely emergence of El Niño conditions from May–July 2026, which typically correlates with warmer and drier conditions for the Sahel region in the coming months.
Sources:
Generated by Gemini from climate data and web sources
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Data Sources
Data Sources for Sudan
Every figure on this page is sourced from official, openly published climate datasets. Anomalies are calculated against the 1961–1990 baseline (temperature) and 1991–2020 (rainfall, sunshine, frost) — see the Methodology & Sources page for the complete dataset list and update calendar.
FAQs
FAQs
How is the climate in Sudan changing?
Sudan is warming in line with the rest of the world. The page above shows the latest monthly temperature anomaly versus the 1961-1990 baseline, the long-term annual trend, and the region's rank in the historical record. The trend rate is shown as °C per decade in the headline panel; you can also see the warmest and coolest years on file.
Where does the climate data for Sudan come from?
Climate data for Sudan comes from Our World in Data, sourcing Copernicus ERA5 and HadCRUT5 (national temperature anomaly) and the Global Carbon Project via Our World in Data (CO₂ emissions), refreshed every month, when the upstream temperature and rainfall data are refreshed.
What is the climate baseline used on this page?
Anomalies on this page are calculated against the 1961-1990 climatological baseline, which is the standard reference period used by the Met Office, NOAA, IPCC and most national climate services. Some panels also show the source-native 1901-2000 (NOAA) or 1991-2020 (WMO) baselines for verification. See Methodology & Sources for the full reference.
Which areas does the Sudan climate data cover?
The Sudan climate profile covers Khartoum, Omdurman, Khartoum North, Port Sudan and surrounding areas. Temperature, rainfall and emissions data for Sudan
How often is the Sudan climate update refreshed?
The Sudan climate update is refreshed monthly, typically a few days after the previous month closes and the upstream provider (Met Office HadUK-Grid, NOAA Climate at a Glance, Copernicus ERA5 or the Global Carbon Project) publishes its update. See the Climate Rankings for cross-region comparisons.