Indonesia Climate
Top 5 Cities: Jakarta, Surabaya, Bandung, Medan, and Semarang
This month in numbers
Indonesia experienced its 16th warmest April on record in 2026, with an average temperature of 25.51°C, an anomaly of +0.9°C above the 1961–1990 baseline. Globally, April 2026 was the 2nd warmest April on record for land temperatures, with an anomaly of +1.1°C. The three-month period from February to April 2026 was the 7th warmest on record for Indonesia, at 25.6°C, which is +1.2°C above the baseline.
What changed
Indonesia's recent warmth aligns with a long-term warming trend, with the latest full year (2025) being the warmest on record at 26.01°C. The country's current 1-month temperature anomaly of +0.92°C places it 184th out of 234 regions globally, indicating that while warm, it is not among the most extreme warming regions this month. The broader Asian group, to which Indonesia belongs, saw a higher average 1-month anomaly of +1.77°C, meaning Indonesia was 0.85°C cooler than its group average this past month.
What’s driving change?
The current climate is significantly influenced by ENSO-neutral conditions, though a transition to El Niño is likely to emerge in May-July 2026 and persist through at least the end of the year, according to NOAA's Climate Prediction Center. Historically, El Niño phases typically bring warmer and drier conditions to Maritime Southeast Asia, increasing the risk of severe drought and forest fires. Indonesia has already experienced a drought event from January to May 2026, representing 100% of its annual total for this type of event, which is an unusual concentration. Additionally, heavy rainfall in April led to multiple flood events across Java and Sumatra, affecting thousands and causing damage to homes and infrastructure. The Indonesian Meteorology, Climatology, and Geophysics Agency (BMKG) has warned that the 2026 dry season, which began in April, is expected to be drier and potentially longer than average, influenced by the developing El Niño phenomenon. More information on these events can be found at Extreme Weather tracker and the evolving ENSO situation at ENSO tracker.
Looking ahead
With El Niño likely to emerge and strengthen to a moderate level in the third quarter of 2026, particularly between August and October, Indonesia can anticipate a drier and longer dry season, increasing the risk of drought and forest fires.
Generated by Gemini from climate data and web sources
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Data Sources
Data Sources for Indonesia
Every figure on this page is sourced from official, openly published climate datasets. Anomalies are calculated against the 1961–1990 baseline (temperature) and 1991–2020 (rainfall, sunshine, frost) — see the Methodology & Sources page for the complete dataset list and update calendar.
FAQs
FAQs
How is the climate in Indonesia changing?
Indonesia is warming in line with the rest of the world. The page above shows the latest monthly temperature anomaly versus the 1961-1990 baseline, the long-term annual trend, and the region's rank in the historical record. The trend rate is shown as °C per decade in the headline panel; you can also see the warmest and coolest years on file.
Where does the climate data for Indonesia come from?
Climate data for Indonesia comes from Our World in Data, sourcing Copernicus ERA5 and HadCRUT5 (national temperature anomaly) and the Global Carbon Project via Our World in Data (CO₂ emissions), refreshed every month, when the upstream temperature and rainfall data are refreshed.
What is the climate baseline used on this page?
Anomalies on this page are calculated against the 1961-1990 climatological baseline, which is the standard reference period used by the Met Office, NOAA, IPCC and most national climate services. Some panels also show the source-native 1901-2000 (NOAA) or 1991-2020 (WMO) baselines for verification. See Methodology & Sources for the full reference.
Which areas does the Indonesia climate data cover?
The Indonesia climate profile covers Jakarta, Surabaya, Bandung, Medan and surrounding areas. Temperature, rainfall and emissions data for Indonesia
How often is the Indonesia climate update refreshed?
The Indonesia climate update is refreshed monthly, typically a few days after the previous month closes and the upstream provider (Met Office HadUK-Grid, NOAA Climate at a Glance, Copernicus ERA5 or the Global Carbon Project) publishes its update. See the Climate Rankings for cross-region comparisons.