Egypt Climate
Top 5 Cities: Cairo, Alexandria, Giza, Shubra El Kheima, and Port Said
This month in numbers
April 2026 in Egypt saw an average temperature of 23.89°C, marking an anomaly of +1°C compared to the 1961–1990 baseline. This ranked as the 20th warmest April in 86 years of records. Globally, April 2026 was the 2nd warmest April for land temperatures on record, with an anomaly of +1.1°C.
What changed
The three-month period from February to April 2026 recorded an average temperature of 19.39°C, an anomaly of +1°C above the 1961–1990 baseline, making it the 17th warmest such period in 86 years. This trend aligns with the broader national warming, as Egypt's long-term trend shows an increase of +1.52°C compared to the 1961–1990 baseline. The year 2025 was the 3rd warmest on record for Egypt, with an average temperature of 24.04°C.
What’s driving change?
Egypt experienced several heatwaves during April 2026, with temperatures in some southern areas approaching 40°C. An "unusual heat wave" was noted in mid-April, arriving approximately 75 days earlier than typical. These heat events, coupled with strong winds and dust storms, are indicative of and . The country is also grappling with severe water scarcity, with per capita water availability significantly below the UN's threshold, largely due to its reliance on the Nile River for 98% of its water resources. The current ENSO state is Neutral, but forecasts indicate a strong likelihood of El Niño developing from May-Jul 2026 onwards, with a 98% chance by August-October 2026. For the Mediterranean region, El Niño typically brings warmer and drier conditions, increasing the risk of heatwaves and wildfires. More information can be found at ENSO tracker.
Looking ahead
The strong forecast for El Niño in the coming months suggests a heightened probability of warmer and drier conditions for Egypt through the summer and into autumn.
Sources:
Generated by Gemini from climate data and web sources
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Data Sources
Data Sources for Egypt
Every figure on this page is sourced from official, openly published climate datasets. Anomalies are calculated against the 1961–1990 baseline (temperature) and 1991–2020 (rainfall, sunshine, frost) — see the Methodology & Sources page for the complete dataset list and update calendar.
FAQs
FAQs
How is the climate in Egypt changing?
Egypt is warming in line with the rest of the world. The page above shows the latest monthly temperature anomaly versus the 1961-1990 baseline, the long-term annual trend, and the region's rank in the historical record. The trend rate is shown as °C per decade in the headline panel; you can also see the warmest and coolest years on file.
Where does the climate data for Egypt come from?
Climate data for Egypt comes from Our World in Data, sourcing Copernicus ERA5 and HadCRUT5 (national temperature anomaly) and the Global Carbon Project via Our World in Data (CO₂ emissions), refreshed every month, when the upstream temperature and rainfall data are refreshed.
What is the climate baseline used on this page?
Anomalies on this page are calculated against the 1961-1990 climatological baseline, which is the standard reference period used by the Met Office, NOAA, IPCC and most national climate services. Some panels also show the source-native 1901-2000 (NOAA) or 1991-2020 (WMO) baselines for verification. See Methodology & Sources for the full reference.
Which areas does the Egypt climate data cover?
The Egypt climate profile covers Cairo, Alexandria, Giza, Shubra El Kheima and surrounding areas. Temperature, rainfall and emissions data for Egypt
How often is the Egypt climate update refreshed?
The Egypt climate update is refreshed monthly, typically a few days after the previous month closes and the upstream provider (Met Office HadUK-Grid, NOAA Climate at a Glance, Copernicus ERA5 or the Global Carbon Project) publishes its update. See the Climate Rankings for cross-region comparisons.