Egypt Climate
Top 5 Cities: Cairo, Alexandria, Giza, Shubra El Kheima, and Port Said
This month in numbers
April 2026 saw Egypt's average temperature reach 23.89°C, an anomaly of +1°C compared to the 1961–1990 baseline, ranking it as the 20th warmest April in 86 years of records. Globally, April 2026 was the 2nd warmest April for land temperature on record, with an anomaly of +1.1°C. The three-month period from February to April 2026 also ranked as the 17th warmest on record for Egypt, with an average temperature of 19.39°C, an anomaly of +1°C.
What changed
Egypt's recent warmth aligns with a broader trend, as the country's latest full-year average temperature in 2025 was 24.04°C, making it the 3rd warmest year in 85 years of records. The long-term trend for Egypt shows a significant warming of +1.52°C against the 1961–1990 baseline. This past April, Egypt experienced typical spring-like conditions with hot daytime temperatures across most areas, though northern coasts remained more moderate.
What’s driving change?
The warming trend in Egypt is influenced by the broader global climate patterns, including the ongoing shift in ENSO. The current ENSO state is Neutral, with a weekly Niño 3.4 SST anomaly of +0.9°C as of April 29, 2026. However, forecasts indicate a strong likelihood of an El Niño developing in the coming months, with a 61% probability for May-Jul and increasing to 87% for Jul-Sep. El Niño typically brings warmer and drier conditions to the Mediterranean region during summer, amplifying the risk of heatwaves and wildfires. Egypt experienced an unusual heatwave in mid-April, with temperatures approaching 40°C in Upper Egypt, approximately 75 days earlier than usual. This period also saw active winds stirring up sand and dust, reducing visibility and posing risks to agriculture and public safety. Heavy rains and strong winds also affected large parts of Egypt in early April, leading to waterlogged streets and school closures.
Looking ahead
With a strong probability of El Niño developing in the coming months, Egypt could experience warmer and drier conditions, particularly during the summer, increasing the risk of heatwaves.
Sources:
Generated by Gemini from climate data and web sources
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Data Sources
Data Sources for Egypt
Every figure on this page is sourced from official, openly published climate datasets. Anomalies are calculated against the 1961–1990 baseline (temperature) and 1991–2020 (rainfall, sunshine, frost) — see the Methodology & Sources page for the complete dataset list and update calendar.
FAQs
FAQs
How is the climate in Egypt changing?
Egypt is warming in line with the rest of the world. The page above shows the latest monthly temperature anomaly versus the 1961-1990 baseline, the long-term annual trend, and the region's rank in the historical record. The trend rate is shown as °C per decade in the headline panel; you can also see the warmest and coolest years on file.
Where does the climate data for Egypt come from?
Climate data for Egypt comes from Our World in Data, sourcing Copernicus ERA5 and HadCRUT5 (national temperature anomaly) and the Global Carbon Project via Our World in Data (CO₂ emissions), refreshed every month, when the upstream temperature and rainfall data are refreshed.
What is the climate baseline used on this page?
Anomalies on this page are calculated against the 1961-1990 climatological baseline, which is the standard reference period used by the Met Office, NOAA, IPCC and most national climate services. Some panels also show the source-native 1901-2000 (NOAA) or 1991-2020 (WMO) baselines for verification. See Methodology & Sources for the full reference.
Which areas does the Egypt climate data cover?
The Egypt climate profile covers Cairo, Alexandria, Giza, Shubra El Kheima and surrounding areas. Temperature, rainfall and emissions data for Egypt
How often is the Egypt climate update refreshed?
The Egypt climate update is refreshed monthly, typically a few days after the previous month closes and the upstream provider (Met Office HadUK-Grid, NOAA Climate at a Glance, Copernicus ERA5 or the Global Carbon Project) publishes its update. See the Climate Rankings for cross-region comparisons.