Brazil Climate – June 2026 Update
Top 5 Cities: São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, Brasília, Salvador, and Fortaleza
This month in numbers
Brazil experienced a significantly warmer June, with an average temperature of 23.65°C, an anomaly of +0.8°C compared to the 1961–1990 baseline. This ranks as the 18th warmest June in 86 years of records. Globally, June 2026 was the 3rd warmest on record for land temperatures, with an anomaly of +1°C.
What changed
The April–June 2026 period saw an average temperature of 24.42°C, marking a +0.9°C anomaly against the 1961–1990 baseline and ranking as the 14th warmest such period on record. Brazil's 1-month anomaly for June was +0.77°C, placing it 161st out of 234 regions globally. The country's 3-month anomaly of +0.94°C ranked it 181st globally. Brazil's 1-month anomaly was also 0.17°C warmer than the South America group average.
What’s driving change?
The current weak El Niño, with an anomaly of +0.98°C, is a significant warming driver for Brazil, and forecasts indicate a 100% probability of El Niño persisting through at least November 2026, with a high likelihood of it intensifying to a strong or very strong event. This El Niño phase typically brings warmer and drier conditions to the Amazon basin and parts of Northeast Brazil, increasing the risk of drought and wildfires. Indeed, Brazil has seen two wildfire events in early July, representing 100% of the annual total for the past 12 months, an unusual concentration. The Amazon basin is particularly vulnerable to drought stress and larger fire seasons during El Niño. The country is already anticipating an extreme fire season, with increased wildfire spending and a record number of federal firefighters hired.
Sources:
Generated by Gemini from climate data and web sources
At a Glance
Temperature – Average
Year-on-Year Trends
The 4byo Climate Helix – Brazil
Data: Our World in Data / NOAA (rainfall: World Bank CCKP / CRU TS 4.08). Baseline: first 30 yrs on record. Recent: last 10 yrs on record.
Brazil – Monthly Temperature – All Years
Data: Our World in Data / NOAA (rainfall: World Bank CCKP / CRU TS 4.08). Baseline: first 30 yrs on record. Recent: last 10 yrs on record.
Records – Brazil
Our World in Data / NOAA - Anomalies vs 1901-2000 mean
Shifting Seasons
Wet / dry seasonsKöppen Am · TropicalBrazil doesn't have a warm/cold cycle - its monthly temperature range is only 2.9°C across the year - but it does have a strong wet/dry cycle (the wettest month gets 4× as much rain as the driest). So we track how the wet season has shifted instead.
Monthly rainfall climatology. A “wet month” exceeds the baseline monthly mean (dashed gold line). Biggest month-to-month shift: Sep (-13 mm, -17%).
Data: Our World in Data / NOAA (rainfall: World Bank CCKP / CRU TS 4.08). Baseline: first 30 yrs on record. Recent: last 10 yrs on record.
Rainfall & Precipitation
Rainfall & Rain Days – Totals
Headline: anomaly vs the 1961–1990 mean. Small figure: the actual value. Rank: position in the full record (1st = highest ever). Record: highest (or lowest) value on record with its year.
Climate Systems
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Emissions & Energy
Explore
Explore Climate Data
Data Sources
Data Sources for Brazil
Every figure on this page is sourced from official, openly published climate datasets. Anomalies are calculated against the 1961–1990 baseline (temperature) and 1991–2020 (rainfall, sunshine, frost) - see the Methodology & Sources page for the complete dataset list and update calendar.
FAQs
FAQs
How is the climate in Brazil changing?
Brazil is warming in line with the rest of the world. The page above shows the latest monthly temperature anomaly versus the 1961-1990 baseline, the long-term annual trend, and the region's rank in the historical record. The headline panel also shows the long-term trend rate per decade and the warmest and coolest years on file.
Where does the climate data for Brazil come from?
Climate data for Brazil comes from Our World in Data, sourcing Copernicus ERA5 and HadCRUT5 (national temperature anomaly) and the Global Carbon Project via Our World in Data (CO₂ emissions), refreshed every month, when the upstream temperature and rainfall data are refreshed.
What is the climate baseline used on this page?
Anomalies on this page are calculated against the 1961-1990 climatological baseline, which is the standard reference period used by the Met Office, NOAA, IPCC and most national climate services. Some panels also show the source-native 1901-2000 (NOAA) or 1991-2020 (WMO) baselines for verification. See Methodology & Sources for the full reference.
Which areas does the Brazil climate data cover?
The Brazil climate profile covers São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, Brasília, Salvador and surrounding areas. Temperature, rainfall and emissions data for Brazil
How often is the Brazil climate update refreshed?
The Brazil climate update is refreshed monthly, typically a few days after the previous month closes and the upstream provider (Met Office HadUK-Grid, NOAA Climate at a Glance, Copernicus ERA5 or the Global Carbon Project) publishes its update. See the Climate Rankings for cross-region comparisons.